Autism or Autism
Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopment disorder which can cause
troubles with communication, learning and behavior. ASD can happen to anyone
irrespective of their ethnicity, race, financial and social background. Autism
is found to be more common in boys than in girls. There is no particular reason
known for the cause of autism.
Autism symptoms can be detected in early childhood,
even from birth. If diagnosed at an early stage, it will help the child lead a
better life although there is no cure for it. Some common symptoms of ASD
include: similar and a restricted set of interests, difficulties in
socializing, repeating things like in speech or actions or routines, having
problem in understanding others and expressing themselves either through words
or through signs, very high or very low sensitivity to certain things, avoiding
eye contact, change in voice, learning disability, self-harming behaviors, odd
reactions in social settings. However, the signs might differ from person to
person.
There is no proven specific cause of autism spectrum
disorder but there are some factors that might increase the chances of a child
being autistic. Genes play a very important role in this case. Children who
have their siblings diagnosed with ASD are at a higher risk of having ASD.
Twins are most likely to share ASD. Mutations in genes can also be a factor.
Also, children born to older parents and even preterm babies have a high risk
of having autism. Some drugs taken during pregnancy are also linked with this
disorder. Researchers are continuing to find out if environmental factors can
play a role here.
Autism spectrum
disorder is difficult to diagnose as it does not have a specific test designed
to detect it. It will need to include a speech pathologist, a psychologist, a
psychiatrist and a neurologist. As the signs and symptoms differs from person
to person, there is no particular treatment. There are therapies like speech
and language therapy, nutritional therapy, occupational therapy, social
therapy, physical therapy and behavioral management therapy.
Familial role is important when a child is diagnosed
with ASD and parenting them can be challenging. The child will benefit
optimally from therapies only when parents are willing to get involved in it.
They can help the child to apply the things that he has learned through therapy.
Parents are usually the first ones to notice if the child has any development
problem. If parents suspect that their children are autistic, they should
immediately consult a medical professional. Early intervention can help the
child to reduce the symptoms and live a better quality of life.
ASD is becoming more prevalent these days. Every 1 in
59 children in the United States is has been found to be diagnosed with Autism
Spectrum Disorder. It is much more common than people think it is. In boys, it
is five times more commonly found than in girls.
Lastly, we should learn to be more inclusive towards children
with ASD and be more affectionate and considerate. And remember that they are
still kids. They also need to feel loved and cared about like other kids
without ASD.
